INEUM Consulting study 2010

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Second edition of the barometer « Cultural attractiveness of an international selection of major cities »

 In 2009, Ineum Consulting realized a barometer on the cultural appeal of an international selection of major cities, on a sample group of 32 cities, using different performance indicators, rating the economic dynamism as well as the cultural and academic intensity.  An interrelation has been highlighted: “Cities tending towards a number of cultural facilities greater than 8 for every 100 000 inhabitants, with annual public funding of around 100 Euros per capita, and with a student population exceeding 10% of the city’s population, are more likely to attract an annual number of tourists per capita which will be greater than 5 and where unemployment will be less than 8%.” In 2010, the barometer takes into account more cities (with the goal of 50) and the study deals with the issues of education and cultural employment.
The local cultural capacities of production, a lever for cultural attractiveness and economic development
 
Two projects supported by the group Vivendi underline the importance of developing local capacities in the field of culture, whether by promoting a concrete cultural diversity or by reinforcing the economic performance of a territory.

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The 2010 ranking of international metropolis

The ranking of international world cities (realized by Foreign Policy, A.T. Kearney and the Chicago Council on Global Affairs) analyzes and compares the outreach of 65 cities all over the world, taking into account their influence, their integration to the international markets, culture and innovation. New York City leads the ranking, just ahead of London, Tokyo and Paris… Besides, the top 10 is characterized by the presence of 5 Asian cities, whereas only two European cities manage to stand apart.

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Can Seoul become the world’s most attractive city?

Concealing social and economic development with attractiveness is the challenge of Seoul’s Mayor, Oh Se-hoon.  Wishing to make of the South Korean capital a determining center, he launched renovations as well as a process of embellishment of the city, which should increase the number of tourists and new businesses attracted to the city and ameliorate the living conditions of the residents. One of the major stakes remains however to manage to deal with the modern evolution of the city without compromising the preservation of its heritage.

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Promoting the French Image: cultural wealth as a factor of attractiveness – 2010 report of the Economic and Social Advisory Board

The image of a territory constitutes an important vector of recognition, attractiveness and growth. In this perspective, it is interesting to notice that culture tops the list of the French assets and, according to the Economic and Social Advisory Board “if culture carries a disinterested message of cultural exchange, it should also be useful to the economic development of a country”. Promoting and preserving culture becomes a socio-economic strategy from which the meets and bounds should be carefully studied.

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Report of the European commission on the European Agenda for Culture

Several projects at the European, national and local scales are being settled to concretize the European Agenda for Culture. The Europeana project, for instance, has been launched by the European Commission in 2008 to promote the digitalization of the heritage. The Swedish project, “Creative Schools”, aiming at encouraging the collaboration between schools and the cultural sector, has been adopted by 97% of the municipalities. All the Greek municipalities created a new position, director of cultural affairs, to reinforce the links between culture and education.

The strategies of the European Union countries are detailed, giving an outlook of the current cultural policies in Europe.

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Paris finds back its cultural attractiveness

The French tax credit for cinematographic productions has a noteworthy impact on shootings in Paris. After a significant decrease in 2009, linked to the economic crisis – 925 shooting days in the French capital against 1085 days in 2008, the summer 2010 gave rise to a renewed attractiveness of the territory with three US feature-length film in realization. This tax credit makes cinematographic production easier, contributing to job creation, economic growth and reinforcing the international prestige of the city.

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Credit : Juliette Sandu 

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Ouarzazate, city of cinema

From Orson Welles to Ridley Scott including John Huston, many film directors chose the city of Ouarzazate as their movies’ setting. Aware of the potential asset constituted by this cultural industry for the development of the city and the region, the regional council of Souss Massa Drâa and the Moroccan Cinema centre created in 2008 the Ouarzazate Film Commission. Facilitating the shooting of movies in the region at production costs often 30 to 50% lower than in Europe and in the USA, the OFC actively participates in the renewal of the attractiveness and economic performance’s development of the city. Besides, the Ouarzazate Film Festival could contribute to the reliving of African cinema.  

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Concept, directions and practice of city attractiveness improvement

This academic article questions the notion of attractive city, drawing attention to the new demand for more cultural impulse as a factor of economic evolution.  Fostering the development of a creative and high-skilled population, the emphasis on culture could represent a successful strategy reconsidered by many cities.

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Ruhr 2010 – A new energy : culture

The Ruhrgebiet (Ruhr region) aggregates several major industrial cities gathering more than 5.7 million inhabitants (most populated region in Germany and 6th one in Europe). The designation of Essen as the 2010 European capital of culture revitalized the region, notably through cultural activities. Around three concepts “Myth, Metropolis and Europe”, the region renews itself for and through culture, as an integral part of the project Rurh 2010.

Discover the event

Visit the ARTE website dedicated to the event

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« Framework for cultural statistics », UNESCO, 2009

statistiques culturellesTo size up in a reliable and precise way the effects of culture on the social and economic development of a country is one of the main demands highlighted in the “framework for cultural statistics” published by the UNESCO. Updating the 1986 framework, this document gives an overview of the effective impact of culture on our societies and underlines the new principal trends in the field of culture and the cultural industries. 

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European Union Council conclusions of the 10th of May 2010 on culture’s contribution to local and regional development (2010/C 135/05)

Conclusions du Conseil du 10 mai 2010 sur l'apport de la culture au développement local et régional

The necessity of the integration of culture in the reflections on the economic and social development of territories became a reality, now fully acknowledged and taken into account by the European institutions. The recent conclusions of the Council of the European Union confirm this observation, notably as they highlight five major priorities:

 - Mainstream culture in local and regional development policies

- Stimulate a favorable environment at local and regional level for a better development of cultural and creative industries, especially SME’s

- Deepen the contribution of culture to sustainable tourism

- Promote creativity in education and training with a view to developing new skills, improving human capital and fostering social cohesion

- Reinforce cross-border, transnational and interregional cultural cooperation

Read the conclusions

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«GREEN PAPER - Unlocking the potential of cultural and creative industries», European Commission (Education and Culture), 2010  

« Livre vert - Libérer le potentiel des industries culturelles et créatives », Commission européenne (Education et Culture), 2010Period of consultation : from the 27th of April 2010 to the 30th of july 2010
Citizens, organizations, public authorities are invited to react to the factors influenting on the cultural and creative industries in Europe to adapt the programs and the community policies to the needs of the cultural and creative industries. 

Consult the green paper


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« The impacts of culture on creativity », European commission (Education and Culture), 2009  

« Les impacts de la culture sur la créativité », Commission européenne (Education et Culture), 2009The objective of this study is to understand the influence of culture on creativity, factor of economic and social innovation. How do the creative arts contribute to job creation, social cohesion and economic sustainability of a territory?

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« The Economy of Culture in Europe », European commission (Education and Culture), 2009 

« L’économie de la culture en Europe », Commission européenne (Education et Culture), 2009This study highlights the contribution (direct and indirect) of the cultural and creative sector to the economy of the European Union.

Among the key figures of the study :
- The sector contributed to 2,6% of EU GDP in 2003.
- The overall growth of the sector's value added was 19,7% in 1999-2003.
- In 2004, at least 5,8 million people worked in the sector, equivalent to 3,1% of total employed population in Europe.  

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« Culture and local developpement », OECD, 2005

« La culture et le développement local », OCDE, 2005

This report analyses the impact of culture on local economies, without limiting to the touristic attraction. This book also shows that culture is a factor of social integration. It also indicates how the public policies can use culture as a factor of growth.

Countries covered: Australia, Canada, France, Greece, Ireland, Italia, Japan, Morocco, New Zealand, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States of America.

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